An updated review on acne

Acne is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder that affects individuals of all ages, particularly during adolescence. It characterized by the formation comedones, papules, pustules, and, in severe cases, nodules and cysts. While acne primarily associated with pilosebaceous unit, its pathogenesis involves multiple factors, including hormonal imbalances, increased sebum production, abnormal follicular keratinization, colonization Propionibacterium acnes.This review aims to provide an updated understanding acne, focusing on pathogenesis, clinical presentation, current management strategies. The complex interactions between hormones, inflammation. Various predisposing such as genetic susceptibility, diet, environmental influences, also contribute development exacerbation acne. Management encompasses multifaceted approach, topical systemic therapies. Topical agents retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics target different aspects helping normalize reduce inflammation, inhibit bacterial growth. Systemic therapies, oral antibiotics, agents, isotretinoin, are often used for moderate cases or those resistant treatments. Additionally, this highlights emerging therapies advancements management. Recent research has explored novel treatment options laser light-based photodynamic therapy, use probiotics botanical extracts. These interventions show promise targeting specific reducing treatment-related adverse effects. Furthermore, psychological impact influence quality life discussed. can significantly affect individual's self-esteem, body image, social interactions, underscoring importance holistic approach patient care. In conclusion, provides comprehensive overview strategies, Understanding multifactorial nature staying abreast will help healthcare professionals effective individualized care patients suffering from dermatological condition.